All right, it's time to wrap things up!

• To open and close a file, use:

  file = open('filename')
  ...
  file.close()
  

• file.read() reads the contents of the given file.
• file.write('text') writes 'text' to the given file.
• open('filename', 'mode') can use, among others, the following modes:
  • 'r' – read only;
  • 'w' – write only – by creating or replacing an existing file;
  • 'a' – append – add contents to the end of the file;
• To read a file line by line, use:

  file = open('filename')
  for line in file:
    ...
  file.close()
  

• The with statement can be used to automatically close a file:

  with open('filename') as file:
    ...
  

• To handle exceptions, use:

  try:
    ...
  except ErrorType:
    ...
  

• ErrorTypes include IOError and ValueError, but there are many more.

Are you ready for a short quiz now?